What do all of these words and phrases mean?
I illustrated it as a diagram because describing what is going on here is pretty complex and it's probably easier to understand the concepts from a diagram such as this rather than me explaining everything, which would be quite lengthy.
If someone has Ti or Te in slot 3/4, how could 3/4 be considered unconscious when thinking is definitely a conscious thing?
The Unconscious Cognitive Functions manifest themselves through behavior as an act of Unconscious will. There is (
almost) always the opposite Cognitive Function in the Unconscious than what we see in the Conscious. So if the subject has Dominant Ti, then one of the Unconscious Functions will be Fe. The reasons I left I/E dichotomies out of this illustration is because I am not convinced that the Judging Function that is paired with the Perceiving Function in the Conscious mind needs to be opposite in dichotomy to the I/E for the Conscious mind.
The position of all 8 functions is determined by the first two. Why is a "greater personality" needed to develop the shadow? Why not just a different one, or life experience?
The Greater Personality is what happens when one finds a way to combat their Shadow, not the other way around. Sorry if that was not clear.
How can you connect loops between 1&3 and 2&4 to libido?
In some regards, with 1&3 and 2&4
connecting it's really the same process going on. You could group 1&2 together and 3&4 together and say 1&2
connects 3&4. It's not so much of a loop, but more of an oscillation of changing the flow of energy from the libido to determine what process is represented in the behavior.
Why do the orange and yellow arrows look essentially the same, yet have different descriptions?
The difference is in the process to which the Unconscious Functions manifest themselves in behavior. In the healthy individual, the Unconscious Function is filtered through its corresponding Conscious Function because the corresponding Conscious and Unconscious Functions are less imbalanced. In a healthy individual, the Conscious Function gets its energy from the corresponding Unconscious Function and they combined in the shadow and then manifest themselves as both Conscious and Unconscious Functions as an exercise of will in the behavior. In an Unhealthy individual, The Dominant and Secondary Conscious Functions have been overused so the Unconscious Functions manifest themselves overaccentuated in a sort of hysterical way (if the subject is Extroverted) or neurotic way (if the subject is Introverted).
I have no idea what that means.
This is just one model and it is a static representation and not a dynamic one. I could do one for explicitly Introvert and Extrovert in another model or something more in line with what Jung had in mind with a single Dominant Conscious Function and the other three as Unconscious Functions.