These are based on MBTI not Jungian semantics.
It is one of the only tests that purports itself to test cognitive functions, as well as
MMDI.
In other words, what the OP asked for.
Edit: Just to avoid semantics, as I know it's going to get there, I'm not claiming these are accurate or valid, just answering the OP's search for tests.
Oh, and to the OP, about development. You can't force this, these are not skills you can systematically learn and replicate, this is about perspectives which are inherent to you, like a lens through which you look at things, that determines how you see the world and make sense of it.
Best way, would be to keep open minded when it comes to different perspectives, exploring them,
trying to see past your reasoning biases, the emphasis being on trying, not so much succeeding, we we will always carry our own bias and prefer a particular way of looking at things; but we can still expand the scope of our original perspectives.