BTW there are some interesting segments in 'related videos'
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THE DOT and THE LINE: a romance in lower mathematics" was good, but I can't help thinking that the Line should have left the Dot as a matter of personal standards.
Now back to the main point, what would be the point of such a story?
Perhaps if you had 16 individual characters, each being a rather extreme rendition of the MBTI type they're representing... well the ending would be realization that all people are the same at some deep/innate level, and that the 16 types are just 16 different paths to the same enlightenment. There also needs to be a source of conflict, not necessarily physical conflict, just some sort of problem that needs to be overcome. Going by some old standards, the pursuit of love/happiness/peace could be the source of conflict and our 16 protagonists must overcome their inner demons (fear, hate, insecurity, spite, pride, greed, lust, envy, etc...).
Considering the sheer number of protagonists and the personal nature of their antagonists, it would probably be more suitable to write 16 individual stories occurring along the same time-line, and have the protagonist’s paths cross for time-to-time; in effect something like a single massive story told from 16 perspectives.
The setting could be a modern city, physically the same location for all 16 protagonists by seen differently by their different perspectives; this could be a major focal point of the story, how they're all walking exactly the same streets, but mentally living in completely different worlds.