What many people don't even notice is the really interesting commentary this has on the nature/nurture debate. First, and foremost, I entirely disagree that there even is a dichotomy here. There is no "nature OR nurture" to talk about, it's always been "nature AND nurture." But I digress.
Two bees can be genetically identical but phenotypically quite different. And, in this case, we see that what makes a particular organism the queen isn't anything particular about its genes but rather something particular about its diet.
We see this in other places as well, throughout the animal kingdom, but also in people. Heck, birth order in humans is itself a type of polyphenism.
Lots more here than immediately meets the eye.
Dave