Watched the video. The first bit, about the monkeys picking on the monkey who climbed the ladder, because they have a neural association between a different monkey climbing the ladder and them getting sprayed with cold water, is Pavlovian conditioning. But Pavlov's first experiments were with dogs. So the first point is about all animals.
The 2nd point, about the monkeys giving up, is also Pavlovian, because they associate climbing the ladder themselves, with being beaten up.
The 3rd point, that the replaced monkeys tried to climb the ladder, is also Pavlovian, because they have an association between the bananas and food, and they lack an association between climbing the ladder and pain.
The 4th point, that the replaced monkeys also beat up any monkey that tried to climb the ladder, is NOT Pavlovian, as they don't have an association between another monkey climbing the ladder and pain.
Monkeys are also generally believed to not be capable of remembering rules they got from other monkeys, or they could be taught to do menial tasks like bring you tea and cook your breakfast, like Cornelius.
So there's no way that they would pass on such rules to each other.
Monkeys could learn by imitation, as in "monkey see, monkey do". This is an evolutionary adaptation that humans use: "if you are in the jungle, and want to know what foods to eat, eat the foods that the living monkeys eat, as the ones who ate poisoned foods, died."
Monkeys could also imitate other monkeys in their social group, as a form of team-bonding. The stronger the team, the more they co-operate, and the more likely they will work together to survive, and thus, the more chance of their tribe surviving.
This experiment is commonly depicted as a parable on the danger of unquestionable traditions, and "tall poppy syndrome" or "crab mentality" when the community hinders individual achievement out of jealousy.
That sounds like when Sheldon Cooper said he was beaten up in school because the kids were jealous of his intelligence and intellectual achievements.
When his mother replies that he wasn't being beaten up because of that, we all laugh, because we know that people like him usually get beaten up because they regularly say things that are incredibly offensive.
But it makes the Sheldon Coopers of this world feel good, and avoids them having to face the guilt and shame of offending others, and avoids them facing up to their ego and admit they're not superior beings and just be happy with who they are.
Anyway, consider the perspective of the five monkeys that never climbed the ladder, they know not to climb the ladder or else they'll be beaten and they know not to let others climb the ladder, but none of them know why, the rule continues to exist even though the reason why it exists has been lost to time.
Perhaps years later the monkeys have reproduced and one of their offspring goes to climb the ladder and the elders watch it, they know it shouldn't do that but stopping it would mean beating a child to enforce a seemingly pointless rule so either out of laziness or curiosity they allow the young monkey's fate to take its course.
This is just the way evolution works in the real world. We see this all the time in software. It's much cheaper, quicker and more reliable, to use an existing operating system or an existing framework, than to try to invent your own.
The hypothetical bananas have likely long rotted away by this point but as metaphorical bananas they're still fine and tasty, a metaphor for a reward made taboo by tradition, which in other circumstances could be something other than bananas. For example prior to the 1960s women held very little authority in society, the prevailing wisdom was that they were emotional, irrational and childish, wholly ill-suited for men's work much less authority over a working man.
What a crazy backwards way of thinking, of course we know better now...
If we knew better, we wouldn't blame the monkeys, and we wouldn't blame feminists.
The metaphorical bananas may still be as appealing as ever, but if they're still they're then so is the hose and now we're being reminded why women were purposefully and systematically excluded from the workplace and positions of power, i.e. the Patriarchy.
It sounds like you're wondering how to overcome the issue of dominance in evolution, when dominance isn't the most optimal of solutions.
The answer is quite simple: according to evolution, the dominant trait continues, until another evolutionary adaptation occurs randomly, which is more advantageous to the individual than the dominant trait. Then the individual reproduces more than the others, until his genes and traits become dominant.
In other words, if you want to change the system, simply have more kids than the other people, and make sure your kids, and your grand-kids, and all your descendants breed more than the average.
