Absurdity
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Rogue British philosopher Nick Land has been up to no good recently (as usual). First, some background:
Essentially all modern theories of ethics depart from either a consequentialist or deontological framework, where the former judges actions by their outcomes and the latter by the type of action itself. Perhaps most popular today amongst consequentialist theories is the idea of Utilitarianism: actions are good if they result in pleasure or "utility" (net of suffering caused by the action).
Land rejects this theory, stating:
I would go even further, saying that the Is/Ought Problem renders all ethical theories moot.
Yet surely there must be something worth striving for. Land argues to keep the calculative, economic rationality of Utilitarianism while replacing utility with a more sound end: intelligence.
But Absurdity, what does he mean by intelligence?
Source
Where does this imperative leave you? In a strange corner of the neighborhood of political theory Land ironically terms "Right-wing Marxism."
Land: "pretty much anything to the left of Skynet fails to reach it."
Sounds pretty unreasonable, crazy...even dangerous. But is this not the political economy of the Singularity? Are we not already (unwittingly) walking down this road of optimizing for intelligence?
Save your pennies to pay for a brain upload, kids.
Essentially all modern theories of ethics depart from either a consequentialist or deontological framework, where the former judges actions by their outcomes and the latter by the type of action itself. Perhaps most popular today amongst consequentialist theories is the idea of Utilitarianism: actions are good if they result in pleasure or "utility" (net of suffering caused by the action).
Land rejects this theory, stating:
SourceUtilitarianism is often attractive to rational people, because it seems so rational. The imperative to maximize pleasure and minimize pain goes with the grain of what biology and culture already says: pleasure is good, suffering is bad, people seek rewards and avoid punishments, happiness is self-justifying. Calculative consequentialism is vastly superior to deontology. Yet the venerable critique Moldbug taps into, and extends, is truly devastating. The utilitarian road leads inexorably to wire-head auto-orgasmatization, and the consummate implosion of purpose. Pleasure is a trap. Any society obsessed with it is already over.
I would go even further, saying that the Is/Ought Problem renders all ethical theories moot.
Yet surely there must be something worth striving for. Land argues to keep the calculative, economic rationality of Utilitarianism while replacing utility with a more sound end: intelligence.
But Absurdity, what does he mean by intelligence?
The general cognitive factor (g), measured by IQ tests, quantifies intelligence within the human range, but it does nothing to tell us what it is. Rather, a practical understanding of intelligence — as problem-solving ability — has to be assumed, in order to test it.
The idea of intelligence, more abstractly, applies far beyond IQ testing, to a wide variety of natural, technical, and institutional systems, from biology, through ecological and economic arrangements, to robotics. In each case, intelligence solves problems, by guiding behavior to produce local extropy. It is indicated by the avoidance of probable outcomes, which is equivalent to the construction of information.
The general science of extropy production (or entropy dissipation) is cybernetics. It follows, therefore, that intelligence always has a cybernetic infrastructure, consisting of adaptive feedback circuits that adjust motor control in response to signals extracted from the environment. Intelligence elaborates upon machinery that is intrinsically ‘realist’, because it reports the actual outcome of behavior (rather than its intended outcome), in order to correct performance.
Even rudimentary, homeostatic feedback circuits, have evolved. In other words, cybernetic machinery that seems merely to achieve the preservation of disequilibrium attests to a more general and complex cybernetic framework that has successfully enhanced disequilibrium. The basic cybernetic model, therefore, is not preservative, but productive. Organizations of conservative (negative) feedback have themselves been produced as solutions to local thermodynamic problems, by intrinsically intelligent processes of sustained extropy increase, (positive) feedback assemblage, or escalation. In nature, where nothing is simply given (so that everything must be built), the existence of self-sustaining improbability is the index of a deeper runaway departure from probability. It is this cybernetic intensification that is intelligence, abstractly conceived.
Intelligence, as we know it, built itself through cybernetic intensification, within terrestrial biological history. It is naturally apprehended as an escalating trend, sustained for over 3,000,000,000 years, to the production of ever more extreme feedback sensitivity, extropic improbability, or operationally-relevant information. Intelligence increase enables adaptive responses of superior complexity and generality, in growing part because the augmentation of intelligence itself becomes a general purpose adaptive response.
Thus:
– Intelligence is a cybernetic topic.
– Intelligence increase precedes intelligence preservation.
– Evolution is intrinsically intelligent, when intelligence is comprehended at an adequate level of abstraction.
– Cybernetic degeneration and intelligence decline are factually indistinguishable, and — in principle — rigorously quantifiable (as processes of local and global entropy production).
Where does this imperative leave you? In a strange corner of the neighborhood of political theory Land ironically terms "Right-wing Marxism."
Source‘Optimize for intelligence’ is, for both biology and economics, a misconceived imperative. Intelligence, ‘like’ capital, is a means, which finds its sole intelligibility in a more primordial end. The autonomization of such means, expressed as a non-subordinated intelligenic or techno-capitalist imperative, runs contrary to the original order of nature and society. It is an escaping digression, most easily pursued through Right-wing Marxism.
Marx has one great thought: the means of production socially impose themselves as an effective imperative. For any leftist, this is, of course, pathological. As we have seen, biology and economics (more generally) are disposed to agree. Digression for itself is a perversion of the natural and social order. Defenders of the market — the Austrians most prominently — have sided with economics against Marx, by denying that the autonomization of capital is a phenomenon to be recognized. When Marx describes the bourgeoisie as robotic organs of self-directing capital, the old liberal response has been to defend the humanity and agency of the economically executive class, as expressed in the figure of the entrepreneur.
Right-wing Marxism, aligned with the autonomization of capital (and thoroughly divested of the absurd LTV), has been an unoccupied position. The signature of its proponents would be a defense of capital accumulation as an end-in-itself, counter-subordinating nature and society as a means. When optimization for intelligence is self-assembled within history, it manifests as escaping digression, or real capital accumulation (which is mystified by its financial representation). Crudified to the limit — but not beyond — it is general robotics (escalated roundabout production). Perhaps we should not expect it to be clearly announced, because — strategically — it has every reason to camouflage itself.
Right-wing Marxism makes predictions. There is one of particular relevance to this discussion: consumption-deficiency theories of economic under-performance will become increasingly stressed as ultra-capitalist dynamics historically introduce themselves. In its unambiguously robotic phase — when capital-stock intelligenesis explodes (as self-exciting machine-brain manufacturing) — the teleological legitimation of roundabout production through prospective human consumption rapidly deteriorates into an absurdity. The (still-dominant) economic concept of ‘over-investment’ is exposed as an ideological claim upon the escalation of intelligence, made in the name of an original humanity, and taking an increasingly desperate, probably militarized form.
Land: "pretty much anything to the left of Skynet fails to reach it."
Sounds pretty unreasonable, crazy...even dangerous. But is this not the political economy of the Singularity? Are we not already (unwittingly) walking down this road of optimizing for intelligence?
Save your pennies to pay for a brain upload, kids.
