^ I can see this being a possible problem/issue. Any monkey potentially being able to access hack tools in order to manipulate every technological system possible. In other words, a virtual anarchy building up, which is probably and more realistically what is happening right now.
Not that there was anything other than anarchy - I guess democracy is just another anarchy masked as a controlled system. If there was a fully efficient government system, it would probably be quite oppressive.
I agree with Analyzer on education, energy solutions and the health system.
Aging populations in the more affluent parts of the world is going to be a major challenge, while rapid catching up to living standards in developing countries is just as interesting. I wonder if the increased living standards and higher proportions of affluent and educated people will gradually lead to decreased birth rates in these countries. It will also be interesting to see the alternative energy solutions that will inevitably be the result of this progress, and how that will affect the economy.
What intrigues me the most though is how we are going to deal with the side effects of progress (rapid alteration and destruction of ecosystems), and whether we've actually missed that train already.
Somehow, I think we have.