I've tried everything I could get my hands on professionally; Physicist/professor, musician, artist, teacher/tutor, expert (slash career), reporter (tech), organizational change manager, people manager (tech), requirements analyst, small business owner, inventor, author (wasn't a professional here, didn't make it that far). Certainly an INTP can do any of the above, as can any other type. Much is dependent on upbringing, who you are above and beyond your type which is a more fundamental aspect of your psyche.
But you have to disambiguate what is statistically good versus individually. As some have said, programming doesn't work for them. OK? There are many factors, how hard did they try, what is their background, under what circumstances and so forth. But that out of the way I'd say that all else being equal* INTP's are better suited for programming/software engineering than anything else.
This doesn't mean they'll be ecstatically happy doing it. I'm happier listening to music than programming frankly, but programming gives me more long term satisfaction than when I was a musician. It fires on all cylinders, while music mostly fires on the inferior (which feels really good, for a while). Programming is the only field I've found where there is no bottom. I've been doing it 30 years and haven't found the end point, which I did with Physics believe it or not (the field isn't that vast actually, QM and GR will cover you mostly). Since software is the embodiment of Information science it's as limitless as information (basically only limited by entropy).
It has it's bad sides too - dealing with colleagues/customers, having t execute and so on, but those are just personal growth opportunities in my book.
* I mean by this that to judge how well a field works for a type you have to run a thought experiment where you take, say, 100 INTP clones and try them out in various fields. In other words factoring out individual (personality/upbringing) differences.